春小麦新品种陇春31号是对太谷核不育小麦杂种材料进行花药培养，获得加倍单倍体(DH)纯系材料，再经系谱选育而成。在2009 — 2011年甘肃省水地春小麦(东片)区域试验中，2 a 10点(次)折合平均产量 4 792.80 kg/hm2，较对照品种陇春23号减产0.55%，居14个参试品种(系)第2位。该品种株高94.3～102.0 cm，生育期102～107 d。穗长8.5～9.5 cm，千粒重31.28～51.00 g，容重 762.96～797.42 g/L。籽粒含粗蛋白148.0 g/kg，湿面筋276.5 g/kg，赖氨酸4.49 g/kg，沉淀值56.8 mL。经鉴定，苗期对条锈混合菌表现轻度感病，成株期对条中32号、条中33号表现高抗，对Hy8、水4、水7及混合菌表现免疫，含我国育成品种中分布频率很低的持久抗病基因 Lr34/Yr18。适宜在甘肃中部沿黄灌区、高寒阴湿区和二阴地区及周边生态类型相似地区种植。

Longchun 31 was a new spring wheat variety bred by pedigree selection and developed from double haploid (DH) pure lines obtained by culturing the anthers of hybrids of Taigu nuclear sterile wheat . The average yield of Longchun 31 was 4 792.80 kg/hm2 and 0.55% higher than of the check Longchun 23 in the regional test and production test during the period from 2009 to 2011 conducted in eastern water land of Gansu. The plant height， spike length， 1 000-grain weight， test weight and growth period of Longchun 31 were 94.3~102.0 cm， 8.5~9.5 cm， 31.28~51.00 g， 762.96~797.42 g/L and 102~107 d， respectively . As to quality characters of the variety， the seed crude protein， wet gluten， lysine content and sedimentation value were 148.0 g/kg， 276.5 g/kg， 4.49 g/kg and 56.8 mL， respectively . Identification of stripe rust resistance by inoculating of Puccinia striiformis f.sp tritici showed Longchun 31 susceptible slightly to mixture races during the seeding stage， high resistant to CY32， CY33， immune to Hy 8， Shui 4， Shui 7 and mixture during the adult stage； the results of molecular characteration indicated that Longchun 31 carried durable resistance gene Yr18/Lr34 which distribution frequency was low in improved wheat varieties bred in China . It is suitable to cultivate in Central Gansu， including irrigation areas along the Yellow River， cold and humid region， semi-arid region of this area and areas under similar ecological conditions .

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甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2007-18)；甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项(2010GAAS03)部分内容