以玉米杂交种富农1号、郑单958和辽单565成熟鲜果穗(籽粒含水量分别为150～200 g/kg、200～250 g/kg、250～300 g/kg)为材料，在0 ℃、-5 ℃、-10 ℃、-15 ℃、-20 ℃、-25 ℃的低温下分别处理8 h，研究了低温冻害对不同含水量玉米种子生长发育的影响。结果表明，受低温冻害的玉米种子其根数明显减少，主根长、株高、地下及地上干物质含量均显著下降。当种子含水量高于200 g/kg，温度降至0 ℃时就会影响幼苗根数、主根长及株高；温度降至-5 ℃时幼苗根系生长受抑，地上部分的干物质含量积累减少，生长缓慢，长势弱。种子含水量高于250 g/kg，温度降至-15 ℃时，幼苗根系缩短变粗，出现畸形；温度降至-25 ℃时玉米种子发芽后出现有芽无根或者有根无芽现象。

The mature fresh ears (grain moisture150～200 g/kg、 200～250 g/kg、 250～300 g/kg) of corn(Zea mays L .) of Funong 1， Zhengdan 958 and Liaodan 565 were used as experimental material . The growth of seedlings were studied after treating with low temperature of 0 ℃，-5 ℃，-10 ℃，-15 ℃，-20 ℃，-25 ℃ and duration time of 8 Hrs under the given grain moisture . The results shows that the roots number， taproots length， plant height， underground biomass and aboveground biomass of the maize seedlings decreased significantly after treating with different low temperature . When the grain moisture was higher than 200 g/kg and the temperature dropped to 0 ℃， the roots number， taproots length and plant height of the seedlings would be affected harmfully； when the temperature dropped to-5 ℃， growth of the root was bated, the accumulation of aboveground biomass reduced， seedlings growed slowly and weakly . When the grain moisture was higher than 250 g/kg， and the temperature was lower than-15 ℃， the roots of seedlings became shorter， thicker and deformity； when the temperature dropped to-25 ℃， after germination， the seeds would be no roots with bud or no bud with roots .

S513；S426

甘肃省自然科学基金项目(1308RJYL069)部分内容