在简述DNA分子标记的种类和特点的基础上，综述了分子标记技术在小麦遗传育种研究中主要应用于遗传图谱构建、基因标记和定位、品种鉴定和指纹图谱绘制、物种亲缘关系和遗传多样性研究及分子标记辅助育种等方面的现状，并对分子标记技术的发展和应用前景进行了展望。

The types and characteristics of DNA molecular markers were briefly introduced in this paper， while it emphatically illustrated construction of genetic map， mapping of gene， identification of varieties and construction of fingerprinting， genetic relationship and diversity and molecular marker-assisted selection in wheat genetic breeding. Then， the future development and application prospects of DNA molecular markers were prospected.

S512.1

国家自然科学基金项目(31360433，31560504)；甘肃省科技支撑计划-农业类项目(1504NKCE115)。