采用完全随机设计，在室温盆栽条件下研究了不同施氮水平(N0、N1、N2)对中国(G0)、波兰(G1)、肯尼亚(G2)3个不同生态类型谷子品种地上、地下形态建成及生长速度的影响。结果表明，不同施氮水平对3个不同生态型谷子品种的形态建成有明显影响，对3叶期后第28天、第35天谷子的出叶数和株高有极显著影响，对单株叶面积、地上干物质、根长有显著影响，而对根数、根重影响不明显。不同生态型谷子品种地上、地下部所测性状均受品种、氮肥两因素交互作用的极显著影响，G0N0、G0N1、G0N2、G1N0、G1N1、G1N2、G2N0、G2N1、G2N2间存在不同程度的差异。G2在不同施氮水平下，出叶数、株高、单株叶面积、地上生物量、根数、根长、根重、株高生长率、出叶速率、单株穗粒重、单株生物量较G0N0、G0N1、G0N2、G1N0、G1N1、G1N2均表现出相对高的性状值，为氮肥高效利用品种。

In pot experimentat greenhouse， the effects of different nitrogen proportion (N0、N1、N2) onthe morphological and growth rate of three foxtail milletvarieties (G0、G1、G2) is studied by complete randomized design. The result shows that under different nitrogen proportion，the morphological traitshadgreat variation among three foxtail milletvarieties with different ecological types. The leaf number and plant height had significant different; leaf area per plant， dry matter of upper part and root length had great different， but there is not obvious difference in root weight and root number after 28 daysor 35 days at the three-leaf stage. The result also shows that the characters of the upper and underground part are extremely affected by the interaction between cultivar and nitrogen proportion， and there is different difference among G0N0、G0N1、G0N2、G1N0、G1N1、G1N2、G2N0、G2N1、G2N2. In comparison with G0N0、G0N1、G0N2、G1N0、G1N1、G1N2， variety G2 is a highly efficient use of nitrogen cultivar， because it had a larger value in traits of the leaf number， plant height， leaf area per plant， dry matter of upper part， root number， root length， root weight， growth rate of plant height， leaf number grain weight per plant， and biomass per plant.

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国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD01B05-9)、国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD07B01)、国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-13.5-A9)。