以陇亚10号为指示品种，观察了地膜覆盖条件下胡麻田杂草发生危害规律。结果表明，覆白色地膜的胡麻田杂草出苗早、密度高、生长快，与胡麻幼苗争夺肥、水、光，严重影响胡麻幼苗正常生长；其中5月20日至6月14日因杂草生长快，对胡麻正常生长发育有严重影响。覆黑色地膜的胡麻田杂草均分布在种植穴周围，密度低、生长较慢，5月20日之前对胡麻幼苗生长影响不大；但5月27日至6月20日因杂草生长快，对胡麻正常生长发育有影响。露地胡麻田杂草密度高于覆黑色地膜的胡麻田，但不及覆白色地膜的胡麻田，且生长较慢；5月20日之前对胡麻幼苗生长影响不大，5月27日至6月14日因杂草生长快，对胡麻正常生长发育有严重影响。综合分析，覆盖黑色地膜结合种植穴覆土，是防除胡麻田杂草的有效物理和人工防除措施。

Using Longya 10 as the indicator， the occurrence and damage law of weeds in linseed field under the condition of film mulching was observed. The results show that in linseed field of white film mulching， the weeds emergence were early， with high and fast growth， competing with linseed seedlings for fertilizer， water and light， and seriously affecting normal growth of seedlings of linseed. Weeds of fast growth had a serious effect on normal growth and development of linseed from May 20th to June 14th. Weeds in linseed field of black film mulching were distributed around the planting hole， with low density and slow growth， and their effect on growth of seedlings of linseed was small before May 20th， but serious from May 27th to June 20th for the rapid growth of weeds. Weeds density in linseed field of open ground was higher than that of black film mulching， but lower than that of white film mulching， and weeds grew more slowly， their effect on growth of seedlings of linseed was small before May 20th， but weeds of high density and fast growth had a serious effect on normal growth and development of linseed from May 27th to June 14th. Mulching black film combined with covering soil around the planting holes are the effective physical and artificial weeds control measures.

S563.2

现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-14-1-22)。