为了解小孢子发育时期与花蕾外部形态特征的相互关系，选用2个胡麻品种为试验材料，用改良苯酚品红溶液压片法将5月中旬蕾长为3～8 mm的花蕾制片，在光学显微镜下观察了小孢子发育情况，以分析胡麻小孢子发育时期与花蕾大小之间的关系。结果表明，当花蕾长度为3～4 mm时，小孢子发育基本处在四分体时期； 4～5 mm时，小孢子大部分处于单核中期；5～6 mm时，花药中存在各种发育时期的小孢子，但以单核靠边期为主；当蕾长 ＞ 6 mm时，小孢子开始大量成熟，直至发育为成熟花粉。品种间有差异，但差异较小，基本趋势一致。

The study aimed at investigation of the relationship between microspore development period and the morphology of bud of Linum usitatissimum L.. Two cultivars of Linum usitatissimum L. were used as experiment materials， and buds were picked in mid-May， with length between 3～8 mm. The development of microspore was observed under optical microscope， and the relationship between the microspore developmental stages of Linum usitatissimum and the size of buds was analyzed. The results showed that when the buds' length was 3~4 mm， the microspore development was basically in tetrad. When the buds' length was 4~5 mm， the microspores developed into mid-uninucleate. When the buds' length was 5~6 mm， various kinds of developmental stages of microspores could be observed， but most of them were late-uninucleate microspores. When the buds' length exceeded 6 mm， a big scale of microspores entered mature period and turned into pollens. The results in two cultivars were basically consistent， with tiny differences which were not significant.

S565.9

甘肃省农业科学院科技支撑项目(2017GAAS35)；甘肃省农业科学院科技创新工程学科团队(2015GAAS02)；国家特色油料作物产业技术体系胡麻兰州综合试验站(GARS-17-SYZ-6)。