为了明确甘肃省梨树病虫害种类、危害部位、地理分布和危害程度，2011 — 2014年对全省不同地区梨园定点、定期进行了系统调查。结果表明，甘肃省梨主产区危害梨树的病害共11种，真菌、细菌和生理性病害的比例为10∶0∶1，以真菌性病害为主。危害部位有枝干、叶片、果实和新梢。偏重发生的病害主要有白粉病、腐烂病、黑斑病、锈病和黄化病。除白粉病和腐烂病在全省6个产区均发生外，其他病害在各产区分布不均匀，发生地区各有差异。虫害共调查到6目16科20种，危害部位有叶片、果实、新梢和枝条。属偏重发生的虫害主要有梨小食心虫、梨木虱、梨茎蜂和大青叶蝉。除梨小食心虫、梨茎蜂、梨木虱和苹果全爪螨4种在全省6个产区均发生外，其他虫害在各产区分布有差异。

In order to determine the species， damaged part， geographical distribution and damage degree of main pests and diseases of pear in Gansu province， the pear orchards were investigated from 2011 to 2014 with fixing point， periodic surveys and observation system method. The results showed that 11 kinds of diseases were found in the main pear orchards investigated， among which the ratio of fungi， bacteria and physiological diseases were 10:0:1 and Fungal diseases are the main diseases. Damaged parts were branches， leaves， fruit and shoot. The most serious diseases are Phyllactinia pyri， Cytospora carphosperma， Alternaria alternate， Gymnosporangium haraeanum and yellow leaf disease. In addition to powdery mildew and rot occurring in 6 urban areas of the province， while the distribution of other diseases was uneven in all urban areas， and the occurrence areas were different. 6 orders， 16 families and 20 species pests were found in the main pear orchards， which damaged parts had leaves， fruits， shoots and branches. The most serious diseases are Grapholitha molesta， Psylla chnensis， Janus piri and Tettigella viridis. In addition to the four species of Grapholitha molesta， Janus piri， Psylla chnensis and Panonychus ulmi occurred all over the pear production areas in Gansu， while the distribution of other insect pests was different in each area.

S436.612

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-29-41、CARS-28-46)，甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(1604NKCA063-2)，农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制学科群西北果树科学观测实验站(10218020)资助。