调查了高台县新坝镇暖泉村、照中村、照一村、新沟村、下坝村等5个村2015年的小麦、玉米施肥情况。结果表明，调查样本的小麦、玉米施肥以氮素和磷素投入为主，钾肥投入量少或基本不施。调查区普遍施用的化肥品种以尿素、磷酸二铵为主，小麦田施用量分别占总施用量的61.3% 和37.4%，玉米田施用量分别占总施用量的71.9% 和26.1%，复合肥、硝酸铵、钾肥很少。作物生产过程中小麦仅有29%的农户追肥1次；玉米有64%的农户追施2次尿素，41%的农户追施2次磷酸二铵。小麦的氮肥、磷肥、钾肥偏生产力(PFP)均低于全国水平；玉米的氮肥、磷肥偏生产力(PFP)也低于全国水平，钾肥的偏生产力(PFP)相对较高，且高于全国水平。

In 2015， the fertilization of wheat and corn in five villages of Xinba Town in Gaotai County of Gansu Province was investigated， which Nuanquan Village， Zhaozhong Village， Zhaoyi Village， Xingou Village，Xiaba Village. The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus were the main fertilizer inputs for wheat and corn of survey sample， while potassium was little or no. Urea and diammonium phosphate were the most commonly used fertilizers in the survey area， the wheat field application amount accounted for 61.3% and 37.4% of the total application amount， the corn field application amount accounted for 71.9% and 26.1% of the total application amount， respectively， the compound fertilizer， ammonium nitrate， potassium fertilizer are few. In the crop production process， only 29% of the farmers applied fertilizer once； 64% of the farmers applied urea twice and 41% of the farmers applied diammonium hypophosphite twice. The partial productivity of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (PFP) of wheat was lower than that of the whole country； the partial productivity of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (PFP) of maize was lower than that of the whole country， and the partial productivity of potassium fertilizer (PFP) was higher than that of the whole country.

S147.2

国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201808-02)；国家重点研发计划(2018TFD0200406)。