以抗旱性不同的白棉、棕棉和绿棉品种(系)为试验材料， 应用多元统计分析理论与方法，研究了不同水分亏缺灌溉条件下花铃期棉花生理生化指标与抗旱性的关系。结果表明:干旱胁迫提高了棉花叶片的POD和CAT酶活性，降低了离体叶片失水速率和叶片相对含水量，使丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量增多，细胞膜透性增大，叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量和可溶性糖含量品种间存在差异。综合评价分析结果，棕色棉BC05-07-18-2抗旱性最强，绿色棉G3-6抗旱性最弱。不灌溉条件下，叶片相对含水量和类胡萝卜素含量可作为棉花抗旱鉴定的重要指标，叶绿素含量和可溶性糖含量可作为参考指标。灌水一半条件下，叶片相对电导率和离体叶片失水速率可作为棉花抗旱鉴定的重要指标，CAT活性、丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量可作为抗旱鉴定的参考指标。棉花品种的抗旱系数与叶片相对含水量及可溶性蛋白含量存在线性回归关系，与细胞膜透性呈显著负相关。

With white cotton， brown cotton and green cotton cultivars (lines) with different drought resistance are used as test materials， The relationship between physiological and biochemical indexes and drought resistance of flower-boll cotton under different water deficit irrigation conditions was studied with multivariate statistical analysis and method. The results showed that with the increase of drought stress， drought stress increased the POD activity， CAT activity of cotton leaves， relative conductance rate and MDA content and proline content were increased， But the drought stress have no effect on same cotton varieties. Reduce the water loss rate of cutting leaves and relative water content， there are differences on varieties between soluble protein content and soluble sugar content. Comprehensive evaluation and analysis results show that the BC05-07-18-2 of brown cotton was the strongest drought resistance， green cotton G3-6 was the weakest drought resistance. Under the condition of no irrigation， the relative water content and Car content be regarded as the important indexes of drought resistance identification of cotton， Chlorophyll content and Soluble sugar content were taken as good indexes for determining or influencing cotton drought resistance. Under the condition of half irrigation， the relative conductance rate and the water loss rate of cutting leaves be regarded as the important indexes of drought resistance identification of cotton， CAT activity， MDA content， and Proline content were taken as good indexes for determining or influencing cotton drought resistance. It was a good linear regression relation between drought resistance coefficient and relative water content soluble protein content， drought resistance coefficient and relative conductance rate were significantly negative.

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国家自然科学基金(31460365)；国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2009ZX08005-013B)。