[关键词]
[摘要]
在宁南干旱区采用田区定位试验方法,研究了不同覆膜穴播模式谷子和糜子生长期主要农艺性状、耗水特征与产量的关系。结果表明,覆膜穴播谷子产量为5 751.0~6 453.0 kg/hm2,增产效果依次为渗水微膜、普通微膜、垄上覆膜+沟内穴播、降解微膜,较不覆膜穴播增产48.4%~66.5%,水分利用效率(WUE)为17.40~19.95 kg/(mm·hm2),较不覆膜穴播提高58.9%~82.2%。覆膜穴播糜子产量为4 525.5~5 040.0 kg/hm2,较不覆膜穴播增产53.9~71.3%;水分利用效率(WUE)为14.25~16.95 kg/(mm·hm2),较不覆膜穴播提高31.9~56.9%。在干旱半干旱区干旱胁迫环境下,渗水微膜穴播、垄上覆膜+沟内穴播是实现谷子和糜子种植的最佳方式。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
The relationship between main agronomic characters, water consumption characteristics and yield of foxtail millet and Panicum miliaceum L. under different film mulching and hill-seeding modes was studied by field location experiment in the Arid areas of Southern Ningxia. The results showed that the effect of increasing yield was in the order of water-permeable plastic-film mulch,traditional plastic-film mulch, mulching of ridge with plastic film + hole-planting in furrow and degradable plastic-film mulch, the grain yield of foxtail millet of mulching hole-planting was 5 751.0 ~ 6 453.0 kg/hm2, which was 48.4%~66.5% higher than that of no covered hole-planting (CK), and the water use efficiency (WUE) was 17.40~19.95 kg/ (mm·hm2), which was 58.9%~ 82.2% higher than that of hill-planting without film mulching. The yield of Panicum miliaceum L. was 4 525.5~5 040.0 kg/hm2, which was 53.9%~71.3% higher than that of no covered hole-planting, water use efficiency (WUE) was 14.25~16.95 kg/(mm·hm2), which was 31.9%~56.9% higher than that no covered hole-planting. Under drought stress in arid and semi-arid region, the best planting method of high yield and high efficiency was to adopt permeable micro-film hill-planting and ridge with plastic film + hole-planting in furrow.
[中图分类号]
S515; S516
[基金项目]
宁夏科技成果转化东西部合作产业扶贫项目“六盘山特困区小杂粮精准扶贫技术集成示范”(2018BFF020)。