为探讨不同品种和播期对春玉米生长发育及产量的影响，给河西地区玉米高产栽培提供依据。以主栽玉米品种先玉335、郑单958、农华101为供试材料，设置5个播期处理。结果表明，播期对玉米生长发育影响显著，播期推迟，生育进程逐渐加快，生育期逐渐缩短。播期对株高、穗位影响显著，平均播期每推迟5 d，株高增加11.6～14.8 cm，穗位高增加1.2～4.8 cm。播期对穗长、穗粗和秃尖长影响不明显，对穗粒数影响显著，最高穗粒数对应产量最高指标值。播期对玉米产量影响显著，先玉335、农华101于4月26日播种较5月6日播种产量分别提高了14.8%、7.6%；郑单958于4月21日播种产量较5月6日播种产量提高了14.0%；先玉335、农华101、郑单958在河西地区最适宜的播期分别为4月26日、4月26日、4月21日。

To explore the effects of different varieties and sowing dates on growth and development, and yield of spring maize, and to provide support for the high yield cultivation of maize in Hexi area, this study was carried out by using main varieties Xianyu 335, Zhengdan 958 and Nonghua 101 as the materials with 5 sowing dates, respectively. Results showed that maize growth and development was significantly affected by sowing date, growth and development process was accelerated and growth stage was reduced along with the postponing of sowing dates. Plant height and ear position were significantly affected by sowing date, plant height was increased by 11.6 to 14.8 cm and ear position was elevated by 1.2 to 4.8 cm along with every 5 days of postponing in sowing date. Sowing date showed no significant effect on ear length, ear diameter and rare ear length but it showed significant effect on kernels per spike in which the highest yield was obtained with the highest kernels per spike. Yield was significantly affected by sowing date, yields of Xianyu 335 and Nonghua 101 sowed on 26th April were 14.8% and 7.6% higher compared with the yields of these two varieties sowed on 6th May, respectively whereas yield of Zhengdan 958 sowed on 21st April was 14.0% higher compared with yield of the same variety sowed on 6th May. It was illustrated that the suitable sowing dates for Xianyu 335, Nonghua 101 and Zhengdan 958 in Hexi area were 26th April, 26th April and 21st April, respectively.

S513

甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(GNKJ-2018-17)。