由于干旱和极端天气等不利因素的影响及种植面积的不断缩减，限制了小麦产量和质量的进一步提升，亟需培育出高产、优质、多抗、广适性小麦新品种。山西农业大学谷子研究所2008年选用自育旱地冬小麦品种长8744作母本、水地冬小麦品种长4738作父本进行杂交，后代采用水旱交叉选育法、入选单株评鉴采用田间选择和室内鉴定相结合的方法育成了冬小麦新品种长6388。2016 — 2018年参加山西省中部晚熟冬麦区旱地组区域试验，2 a 12点(次)平均折合产量5 472.0 kg/hm2，较对照品种长6878增产9.8%。2017 — 2018年度参加山西省中部冬麦区旱地生产试验，平均折合产量4 525.5 kg/hm2，较对照品种长6878增产5.1%。该品种株高88 cm，穗长7.8 cm，平均成穗数675万穗/hm2，穗粒数30粒，千粒重42 g。中感条锈病、叶锈病、白粉病，抗旱性1～2级。适宜在山西中部晚熟冬麦区旱地及北方生态类似地区种植。

Dueto the impact of adverse factors such as drought and extreme weather, and further reduction on the growing area of wheat, which restricted the furtherimprovement on wheat yield and quality, new wheat variety with the characters of highyield, premium quality, strong resistance to muitiple diseases and wide adaptability is urgently needed. Chang 6388 is a new wheat variety bred by Millet Research Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University using the self-bred dry land winter variety 8744 as femaleparent, and the water land winter variety 4738 as male parent. Hybrid progeny was selected using methods such as alternate selection between dryand water lands, field and indoorevaluation for selected individuals. From 2016 to 2018, it participated in the regional test of dry land group in the late maturing winter wheat area in central Shanxi Province, and the average yield was 5 472.0 kg/ha which was 9.8% higher than that of the control variety 6878. In the production test from 2017 to 2018, the average yield was 4 525.5 kg/ha which was 5.1% higher thanthat of the control variety 6878. The plant height, spike length, average spike number, kernel numbers per spikeand 1000-seed weight are 88 cm, 7.8 cm, 6.75 million/ha, 30 and 42 g, respectively. It is moderately susceptible to stripe rust, leaf rust and powdery mildew with drought resistance level of 1 to 2. This variety is suitable for planting in the late maturing winter wheat area in central Shanxiand other areas with similar ecological conditions.

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山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC024)；黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心项目(SBGJXTZXKF-XX)。