小麦高代品系的农艺性状分析有利于育种材料的综合评价。为明确试验材料遗传差异和特点，辅助小麦品种的选育和改良，以自育的20个小麦高代新品系为研究对象，在大田条件下测定各品系的返青期分蘖数、抽穗期、成穗数等10个主要农艺性状，分析了各农艺性状的变异程度、相关性，并进行聚类分析。结果表明，成穗数(CV为15.3%)、不孕小穗数(CV为13.0%)变异范围较大，具有较大的改良潜力。同时可看出，各农艺性状相关性的较为复杂，越冬期分蘖数与返青期分蘖数、株高、成穗数呈极显著正相关。返青期分蘖数与成穗数呈极显著正相关。将20份参试材料采用离差平方和法在欧式距离水平上聚类划分为四大类，其中第Ⅲ类材料株高较高，综合性状好，产量三要素协调，分别为BH171870-2-1、B151124-1-2、秦农168(CK)、B110719-1-1-2、B150317-2-1、B150336-1-2，其中以B110719-1-1-2与对照材料秦农168最为接近，综合表现较优，可作为下年陕西省冬小麦区域试验或国家冬小麦区域试验参试材料。

The analysis of agronomic characters of advanced wheat lines is beneficial to the comprehensive evaluation of breeding materials, the identification of genetic differences and characteristics of experimental materials, and the auxiliary breeding and improvement of wheat varieties. Ten main agronomic characters, such as spring stem, heading date and ear number per mu, were tested in field with 20 advanced wheat lines selected by our research group in recent years, the variation degree and correlation of agronomic traits were analyzed and cluster analysis was carried out. The results showed that the variation range of panicle number per mu(coefficient of variation 15.3%) and sterile spikelets per mu(13.0%) was large, and the correlation of each character was complex, and the correlation between spring stem and panicle number per mu was significantly positive. The 20 materials were divided into four groups by cluster analysis. The third material, with high plant height, good comprehensive characters and coordinated yield, was the most close to the control, and strain 13 could be used as the test material for the next year. Increasing grain number per ear and reducing plant height are effective ways to increase yield in wheat breeding.

S512.1

陕西省重点研发计划(2017ZDXM-N-21-1)。