EMS诱变是创造突变体，创新种质和品种改良的有效手段。为探讨化学诱变剂EMS对胡麻种子的诱变效应，设置5个EMS浓度和4个处理时间对5个胡麻品种进行诱变处理。结果表明，EMS诱变处理对不同胡麻品种农艺性状的影响差异比较大，变异比较丰富。在不同胡麻品种间，EMS诱变对种子出苗期、成苗数的影响存在差异， 在不同籽粒颜色的品种间差异更显著。胡麻植株表型变异出现了黄化苗、畸形花、花瓣不展开、花瓣颜色变异株、分茎和分枝多，茎扁平、簇头、早熟、不育等类型，这些变异丰富了胡麻突变体库；通过EMS诱变产生的突变体，可为胡麻品种改良和种质创新提供优异资源。

EMS mutagenesis is an effective method in mutantcreation, germplasm innovation and improvement. In order to investigate the mutagenic effect of EMS on flax seeds, 5 flax cultivars were mutagenic treated with 5 concentrations of EMS and 4 treatment times. The results showed that the effects of EMS mutagenesis on agronomic traits were different among different flax cultivars, which showed great variations. EMS mutagenesis on seed emergence and seedling number were different among different flax cultivars, and the differences were more significant among cultivars with different seed color. The phenotypic variation of flax plants included etiolated seedlings, deformed flowers, petals not expanded, petal color variation, multiple branches and branches, flat stems, cluster heads, early maturation and sterility, which enriched the mutant library of flax plants. The effects of EMS mutagenesis treatment on agronomic characters of different flax cultivars were different, and the variation was abundant. The mutants produced by EMS provided excellent resources for the improvement of flax cultivars and germplasm innovation.

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国家自然科学基金(32160499) ；国家现代农业产业技术体系(GARS-14-1-03)；甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA721)。