当归是甘肃省定西市品牌大宗道地药材之一，但生产中的早薹问题导致其成药期质量下降，已成为制约当地当归产业发展的最大瓶颈。为了筛选出适宜在当地种植的最佳当归品种和种苗，以岷归系列品种为试材，采用二因素随机区组设计，研究了不同当归品种及其种苗规格对成药期当归质量和经济收益的影响。结果表明，选择移栽单株鲜重约0.7 g、主根长7.1 cm、侧根数少于0.2条/株的岷归4号种苗，是最适宜获得当归主要农艺性状较优、早薹率低、抗病性较强、产量及经济收益高的种植方案。应用该种苗种植时，当归单株鲜根重最重，为69.3 g；鲜根折合产量最高，为11 800.0 kg/hm2；经济纯收益最高，为67 600.0元/hm2；产投比最优，为21.1元/元。建议在定西地区及类似区立地条件下，优先选择岷归4号小种苗。

Angelica sinensis is one of the genuine medicinal herbs in Dingxi, Gansu Province. However, the production problem of early bolting often leads to a decrease in the medicinal quality during formative period, which has become the biggest bottleneck restricting the development of the local Angelica sinensis industry. In order to select the optimum variety and seedling for local production, by adopting two-factor randomized block design, varieties in Mingui series were used to conduct an experiment to study effects of different varieties and seedling sizes on the quality and economic benefits of A. sinensis during the medicinal value formative period. The results showed that selecting and transplanting A. sinensis seedling of Mingui 4 with fresh weight of about 0.7 g per plant, main root length of 7.1 cm and lateral root number less than 0.2 per plant was the most suitable planting scheme which showed superior main agronomic characters, low early bolting rate, strong disease resistance, high yield and good economic benefit. By adopting this planting scheme, fresh root weight per plant (69.3 g), average fresh yield (11 800.0 kg/ha), net return (67 600.0 RMB/ha) and the production investment ratio(21.1 RMB/RMB invested) were the best among other treatments. It is suggested that Mingui 4 and small seedling should be the most suitable and efficient cultivation scheme for A. sinensis in Dingxi and other areas with similar site conditions.

S567.5

甘肃省科技重大专项(20ZD7NA007-04)；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-21)；甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目(1606RJIA323)。