宽幅匀播技术优化了作物群体结构，使小麦显著增产。为了给大面积推广宽幅匀播技术提供理论支撑，以常规条播为对照，采用田间试验研究了旱地冬小麦宽幅匀播的光合效应。结果表明，从拔节期到灌浆期，旱地宽幅匀播冬小麦旗叶叶绿素SPAD值较常规条播高3.1～6.3；盛花期较常规条播小麦旗叶净光合速率(Pn)提高13.4%、气孔导度(Gs)增加34.84%、胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)降低16.05%、蒸腾速率(Tr)提高8.47%。宽幅匀播能显著提高小麦叶片叶绿素含量，改善冬小麦光合特性，使小麦叶片能更有效利用胞间CO₂，提高光合和运输能力，从而显著增加产量。

The wide-width uniform sowing technology can significantly increase wheat yield by optimizing crop population structure. In order to provide theoretical support for its large-scale popularization and application, the photosynthetic effects of dryland winter wheat using wide-width uniform sowing technology was studied infield with conventional drill sowing as the control. Results showed that from the jointing stage to the filling stage, the chlorophyll-SPAD value of flag leaf of winter wheat in the dry land using wide-width uniform sowing was 3.1 to 6.3 higher than that in the conventional drill sowing, the net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of flag leaf was increased by 13.4%, the stomatal conductance(Gs) was increased by 34.84%, the intercellular CO₂ concentration(Ci) was decreased by 16.05%, and the transpiration rate(Tr) was increased by 8.47% when compared with conventional drill sowing wheat at full flowering stage. Wide-width uniform sowing could significantly increase the chlorophyll content of wheat leaves and improve the photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat, which enabled wheat leaves to more effectively use intercellular CO₂ and to improve photosynthesis and transport capacity, thus significantly increase in yield could be achieved.

S318；S512.1

甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(GNKJ-2018-8)。