氮素作为大麦生长和发育所必需的大量营养元素，是大麦生长和产量形成的首要限制因子。为明确氮素对大麦生长发育的作用及大麦自身对氮素吸收利用的机制，提高大麦氮素利用效率。基于文献资料，梳理归纳了氮素在大麦生长发育过程中的作用及响应机制等方面的相关研究进展，对氮素在大麦生长发育过程中的作用、大麦响应氮信号的生理机制和大麦氮素响应的分子调控机制等方面进行了概述，并提出了“双减”政策下提高大麦氮素利用效率、创制氮素高效利用新种质的主要方向。

As one of the most important plant nutrients for growth and development of barley, nitrogen is the primary limiting factor for barley growth and yield formation. In order to understand the effects of nitrogen on the growth and development of barley and the mechanism of nitrogen uptake and utilization in barley so as to increase the nitrogen utilization efficiency of barley, based on the literature review, the research progress of the role and response mechanism of nitrogen in the growth and development of barley was summarized in this paper, the role of nitrogen in the growth and development of barley and the physiological and molecular mechanisms of barley responses to nitrogen was reviewed, and the development of Chinese barley in the future in terms of improving nitrogen utilization efficiency and creating new germplasm for efficient nitrogen utilization was prospected.

S512.3

大麦青稞产业技术体系(CARS-05)；江苏省特粮特经产业技术体系盐城示范基地(JATS〔2022〕236)。