分子标记辅助选择(Marker-assisted-selection；MAS)是作物遗传改良的有效工具。随着高通量低成本SNP标记的开发应用和生物信息学的快速发展，MAS的应用拓展到了全基因组选择(Genomic Selection，GS)，大大地提高了选择的效率和精准性。因技术和费用的限制，MAS未能广泛应用。为拓展MAS在作物育种中的应用路径，并发挥其最大潜力。通过查阅相关文献，综述了MAS在作物育种中的优势及其应用途径；分析了MAS应用受限的原因所在，并针对具体问题提出了对策；预测了MAS的应用前景:因高通量基因分型及基因组测序技术等的快速发展，未来MAS费用肯定显著降低，选择效率将大幅提升，致使MAS的应用空间更为广阔。

Marker-assisted selection(MAS) is an effective tool for crops genetic improvement. With the development and application of high-throughput and low-cost SNP markers and the rapid development of bioinformatics, the application of MAS has been expanded to genome-wide selection(GS), which greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of selection. Due to restriction from the technology and cost, the function of MAS has not been fully used. In order to expand the application path of MAS in crop breeding and play an important role, this paper summarizes the wide application ways and advantages of MAS for crop breeding, and analyzes the reasons why the application of MAS is restricted, followed by the measures for solving corresponding problems and the application prospect of MAS. Due to the rapid development of high throughput genotyping and genome sequencing technology, the cost of MAS will be significantly decreased, and the selection efficiency will be greatly improved in the future to lead to a broader applying space for MAS.

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国家自然科学基金(32160471)；甘肃省农业科学院生物育种专项(2021GAAS03)；甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2021GAAS32)；兰州市科技计划项目(2021-1-169)。