黄芪是常用补气药之一，黄芪多糖和黄芪甲苷是其发挥药效的物质基础。以黄芪多糖和黄芪甲苷为评价指标，比较甘肃、内蒙古、山西三个不同产地的黄芪饮片的质量差异。结果表明:甘肃黄芪、内蒙古黄芪、山西黄芪的多糖含量分别为22.87%、20.02% 、22.29%；甘肃黄芪的黄芪甲苷含量最高，为0.049%；其次是山西黄芪，黄芪甲苷含量为0.026%，内蒙古黄芪中黄芪甲苷含量最低，仅为0.002 7%。仅有甘肃黄芪的甲苷含量测定结果符合药典标准。分析认为药材生长年限是导致内蒙古黄芪与甘肃黄芪、山西黄芪甲苷含量之间差异较大的主要原因。该研究为黄芪种植、资源开发及合理使用提供参考依据。

Astragali radix is one of the commonly used Qi-invigorating herbal medicines, with astragalus polysaccharides and astragalus saponins being the material basis for its medicinal effects. In this experiment, astragalus polysaccharide and astragalus saponins were used as evaluation parameters to compare the quality differences of Astragali radix slices from three different production areas: Gansu, Inner Mongolia, and Shanxi. Results showed that polysaccharide content of astragalus from Gansu, Inner Mongolia, and Shanxi was 22.87%, 20.02%, and 22.29%, respectively. Gansu Astragali radix had the highest astragalus saponins content at 0.049% followed by Shanxi Astragali radix at 0.026%, and Inner Mongolia Astragali radix had the lowest at only 0.002 7%. Only the astragalus saponins content of Gansu Astragali radix met the pharmacopoeia standards. The analysis suggested that the growth period of the medicinal materials was the main reason for the significant difference in astragalus saponins content between Astragali radix from Inner Mongolia and those from Gansu and Shanxi. This study provides a reference for the cultivation, resource development, and rational use of Astragali radix.

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中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(22ZY1QA001)；西北中药材全程机械化科研基地建设项目(2109-000000-20-01-199092)；甘肃省农业科学院科技创新项目(2019GAAS50、2022GAAS-CGZH13)。