为了科学开展耕地质量保护和提升，掌握耕地质量等级现状，明确中低产田分布状态，以庆阳市西峰区2021年44个耕地质量调查监测点为研究对象，各监测点从耕层土壤理化性状、剖面构型、土壤养分、田间管理5个层面搜集获取16个评价指标数据，通过空间插值和以点代面的方法予全区耕地单元赋值，运用综合指数法、特尔斐法、层次分析模型法进行耕地等级评价。结果表明，全区耕地可以划分为四、五、六、七、八等地5个等级。全区参与评价的总耕地面积共25 881.78 hm2，其中四等地面积134.09 hm2，占总耕地面积的0.52%；五等地面积1 100.13 hm2，占4.25 %；六等地面积6 935.80 hm2，占26.80 %；七等地面积9 901.18 hm2，占38.26 %；八等地面积7 810.58 hm2，占30.18 %。境内耕地一、二、三等高等级地未分布。由此可见，西峰区耕地质量总体偏低，耕地质量保护和提升工作任重道远。

In order to scientifically protect and improve the quality of cultivated land, grasp the current status of cultivated land quality levels, and clarify the distribution status of medium and low yield fields. Based on 44 monitoring points of cultivated land quality survey in Xifeng District of Qingyang City in 2021, 16 evaluation index data were collected in this study from five levels such as topsoil physical and chemical properties, profile configuration, soil nutrients, and field management at each monitoring point. Using spatial interpolation and the point-to-surface method to assign values to the entire region's cultivated land units, the comprehensive index method, Delphi method, and Analytic Hierarchy Process model were employed to evaluate the grading of cultivated land. The results indicated that, the cultivated land in the whole region was divided into five grades, namely, fourth grade, fifth grade, sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade. The total area of cultivated land participating in the evaluation in the entire region was 25 881.78 ha of which the area of fourth grade's land was 134.09 ha, accounting for 0.52 % of the total cultivated land area. The area of fifth grade's land was 1 100.13 ha, accounting for 4.25% of the total cultivated land area. The area of sixth grade's land was 6 935.8 ha, accounting for 26.80% of the total cultivated land area. The area of seventh grade's land was 9 901.18 ha, accounting for 38.26% of the total cultivated land area. The area of eighth grade's land was 7 810.58 ha, accounting for 30.18% of the total cultivated land area. No distribution of first grade, second grade, or third grade land was found in this study. It can be concluded that the quality of cultivated land in Xifeng District is relatively low, and much work remains to be done in terms of protecting and improving land quality.

S158.5

国家自然科学基金青年项目(41671017)。