干旱是影响苹果树体生长发育、果实产量和品质的非生物胁迫因素之一。由于我国大部分苹果栽培区自然降水偏少、分布不均匀，加之果园多地处复杂的丘陵和山地，土壤瘠薄，水资源短缺，灌溉成本高，干旱带来的不利影响制约着苹果产业的可持续发展。本文系统综述了近年来国内外关于干旱胁迫对苹果的营养生长、生殖生长、生理生化反应以及相关基因表达等方面影响的研究，在此基础上，对今后的研究方向进行了展望，以期为苹果抗旱性研究、旱作栽培和生产指导提供理论参考。

Drought is one of the abiotic stress factors that affect the growth, development, fruit yield and quality of apples. Due to the low natural precipitation and uneven distribution in the majority of apple cultivation areas in China, as well as the fact that orchards mostly located in hilly and mountainous areas with complex terrain conditions, poor soil fertility, scarce water resources and high irrigation costs, the adverse effects of drought are constraining the sustainable development of the apple industry. This paper systematically reviews the research on the effects of drought stress on the nutritional growth, reproductive growth, physiological and biochemical responses, and related gene expression of apples both domestically and internationally in recent years. Based on this, the future research directions are prospected in order to provide theoretical references for the study of drought resistance, dry cultivation, and production guidance of apples.

S661.1

甘肃省农业农村厅农业科技支撑项目(KJIC-2024-8)。