为选育适宜河南旱作区及同类型地区推广种植的高产、抗旱、广适冬小麦品种，河南农业大学以洛旱2号作母本、豫农416作父本配制杂交组合，通过水旱协调选择系谱法选育而成高产抗旱冬小麦新品种豫农523。2019 — 2021年参加河南省旱地组小麦区域试验，平均折合产量5 760.1 kg/hm2，比对照品种洛旱7号增产3.8%。2021 — 2022年度参加河南省旱地组小麦生产试验，平均产量 6 586.5 kg/hm2，比对照品种洛旱7号增产 6.2%。该品种株高73.3 cm，有效穗数5.14×106穗/hm2，穗粒数 34.0粒，千粒重 47.0 g。平均籽粒容重808 g/L，粗蛋白(干基)含量148 g/kg，湿面筋含量324 g/kg，面团稳定时间3.4 min，吸水量585 mL/kg。具有高产、抗旱、抗倒伏等特点，适宜在河南省丘陵及旱肥地麦区种植。

In order to breed new winter wheat variety with drought resistance, high yield and wide adaptability suitable for planting in dry farming areas and other similar areas in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University carried out sexual hybridization with Luohan 2 as female parent and self-bred variety Yunong 416 as male parent. After years of continuous pedigree selection of hybrid offspring using alternate planting of water and drought, a new winter wheat variety Yunong 523 with high yield and drought resistance was bred. During 2019 to 2021, it participated in the wheat regional experiment of dry areas in Henan Province. The average yield in 2 years was 5 760.1 kg/ha, which was 3.8 % higher than that of the control variety Luohan 7. Data from the production experiment from 2021 to 2022 showed that the average yield was 6 586.5 kg/ha, which was 6.2 % higher than that of the control variety Luohan7. The plant height of this variety is 73.3 cm, the number of effective panicles is 5.14×106/ha, the number of grains per spike is 34.0 and the 1000-grain weight is 47.0 g. Its average grain bulk weight, crude protein(dry basis), wet gluten, dough stability time and water absorption capacity are 808 g/L, 148 g/kg, 324 g/kg, 3.4 min and 585 mL/kg, respectively. It has the characteristics of high yield, drought resistance and lodging resistance, and is suitable for planting in hilly and arid fertile land areas in Henan Province.

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国家自然科学基金(32271991)；河南省重点研发与推广专项(173400410033)。